For Yogyakarta, Semarang, and Surabaya, the sources of BC concentrations are poorly known, but in general, black carbon was likely contributed by biomass burning and motor vehicles. Lead toxicity, oxidative damage and health implications. (2013). 12 presents the distributions of K showing that some cities had substantially higher concentrations of K compared to the other sites. S18S19. Therefore, PM2.5 monitoring is necessary. Crystalline silica is known to cause silicosis, a disabling and potentially fatal lung disease typically found in miners and quarry workers exposed to high concentrations of siliceous dust over long periods (Baxter and Horwell, 2015). From the PM2.5 mass concentration results, the air quality outside of Java was noticeably better than on the island of Java, where there are denser population and more intensive industrial activities. :2142 S20. Mutaqin, B.W., Lavigne, F., Hadmoko, D.S. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of theCreative Commons AttributionLicense (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are cited. The majority of the average annual PM2.5 concentrations measured at the Java sites (Bandung, Jakarta, Semarang, and Surabaya) exceeded the Indonesian annual ambient air quality standard (15 g m3), although the other tested locations, excluding Pekanbaru and Palangka Raya, exhibited values below the standard. Latif, M.T., Othman, M., Idris, N., Juneng, L., Makmom, A., Hamzah, W.P., Khan, M.F., Nik Sulaiman, N.M., Jewaratnam, J., Aghamohammadi, N., Sahani, M., Xiang, C.J., Ahamad, F., Amil, N., Darus, M., Varkkey, H., Tangang, F. and Jaafar, A.B. Determination of chemical elements in airborne particulate matter collected at Lembang, Indonesia by particle induced X-ray emission. Aerosol Air Qual. The National Ambient Air Quality Standard of Indonesia for annual average PM2.5 is 15 g m3, while the 24-h standard is 65 g m3. Founded in 2004, Ohio AMS has been proudly serving Ohio's courts and corrections industry with high quality monitoring products and services for over a decade. The annual average PM2.5 and PM10 values for all sites are provided in Tables 3 and 4, respectively. The annual average PM2.5 and PM10 for the sites outside of Java (Ambon, Balikpapan, Denpasar, Jayapura, Makassar, Manado, Mataram, Medan, Palangka Raya, and Pekanbaru) are provided in Tables 34 and Figs. Box-and-whisker plots of the PM10 distributions across Indonesia. Baxter, P.J. The S/K ratios were 31, 27 and 9. (2011). The determination of chemical elements concentrations in airborne particulate matter collected in suburban area of Lembang, Indonesia, was reported by Lestiani et al. 9. Alternatively, the urban sites in Ambon, Makassar, Semarang and Tangerang had ratios higher than 0.5 due to greater influence from traffic emissions. The transdermal readings accurately reflect BACs, but there is a delay due to the process of absorption and elimination of alcohol from the body. For PM10, government regulation PP No. For PM10, government regulation PP No. Lestiani, D.D, Santoso, M., Kurniawati, S., Sari, D.K., Kusmartini, I., Manurung, A. and Riadi, A. The citys economy is the largest in Kalimantan, which is based on an industrial sector dominated by oil and gas, trade and service industries. Preliminary study of the sources of ambient air pollution in Serpong, Indonesia. Res. The box-and-whisker plot of Zn concentrations in PM2.5 at the 16 cities in Indonesia. In The encyclopedia of volcanoes (Second Edition), Sigurdsson, H. The SCRAM bracelet is an 8-ounce device that is attached to a client's . The time series of PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations before and after the 2015 forest fires in Palangka Raya are shown in Fig. (2009). Pekanbaru is the capital of Riau province that is growing rapidly with the development of industries especially those related to petroleum and is a major economic center on the island of Sumatra. Assoc. Begum, B.A., Biswas, S.K. It has been suggested that earthquakes and tsunamis can trigger eruptions and vice versa (Mutaqin et al., 2019). https://doi.org/10.1080/10962247.2013.804465 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT (In Indonesian). Elemental composition of particulate matter air pollution collected around industrial area in east Java. Previous studies have shown that southern Tangerang has serious air pollution problem, mainly related to high Pb concentration in PM2.5 which are very dangerous for the health of the surrounding community especially for children (Santoso et al., 2011). Climate change and urban air pollution health impacts in Indonesia. Our alcohol monitoring system makes the process of documenting sobriety simple, convenient, and affordable. More than 3300 pairs of samples were collected from the 16 cities across Indonesia. Lead pollution is very dangerous to the environment and health especially for children because it can cause mental retardation (Sharma et al., 2011; Karrari et al., 2012). Fig. We use cookies on this website to personalize content to improve your user experience and analyze our traffic. Jayapura is the capital of Papua province, with an area of 940 km2. It is the only royal city in Indonesia still ruled by a monarchy. The observed PM2.5 and PM10 concentration reached 377 and 710 g m3, respectively. 4. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2012.10.016 Fig. Fig. S18), except for the 2013 annual average at Surabaya_1. 9. IOP Conf. Sci. and Mulcahy, M.F.R. Lestari and Mauliadi (2009) reported the sources of fine and coarse particulate matter in Bandung using positive matrix factorization (PMF). Box-and-whisker plots of the PM2.5 distributions across Indonesia. There is a considerable body of literature that has demonstrated the effectiveness of CAM technology. We'll make sure you find the most affordable device, helping you stay safe and compliant. What our customers think about our comprehensive remote alcohol monitoring system. The measured maximum Pb concentration in Surabaya_1, Surabaya_2 and Tangerang sites were 0.73, 2.7 and 2.3 g m3, respectively. High Pb may also come from a galvanized plant which in the manufacturing process adds Pb to improve its reflectance properties (Begum and Hopke, 2019). (2010) and Chueinta (2000), the value of Fe is in the same range in Petaling Jaya (112 ng m3), Dhaka (195ng m3) and Thailand (26.570.2 ng m3), respectively. The commuters contribute significantly to the traffic density in Jakarta. The results showed high concentrations of Fe in Surabaya and Jakarta. $200 TrillionIs Needed to Stop Global Warming. For Yogyakarta, the air quality is better than other sites in Java. Lett. For the sites in Java, the results obtained from this study indicated that most cities failed to meet the Indonesian annual ambient air quality standard for PM2.5. In 2016, the Indonesian Ministry of Environment and Forestry (MoEF) deployed a new AQMS network in major cities to monitor 7parameters (SO2, O3, CO, NO2, HC, PM10, and PM2.5). High concentrations of PM2.5 and PM10 in Palangka Raya occurred during the forest fires in October 2015. Ambon is the center of the port, tourism and education for the Maluku Islands region. var prefix = 'ma' + 'il' + 'to'; By 2017, 7 AQMS stations (Palembang, Jambi, Padang, Pekanbaru, Pontianak, Banjarmasin, and Palangka Raya) were in operation and the data can be retrieved online (Menlhk, 2018). These values were much higher compared to other cities in Asian countries (Hopke et al., 2008), and Surabaya_2 and Tangerang sites exceed the U.S. ambient air quality standard of 0.15 g m3. Sources apportionment of fine and coarse aerosol in Klang Valley, Kuala Lumpur using positive matrix factorization. 2021 Impact Factor:4.535-Year Impact Factor:3.668, CLOCKSS system has permission to ingest, preserve, and serve this Archival Unit. Characteristics of trace elements in volcanic ash of kelud eruption in East Java, Indonesia. 2, 3, and S16. Sampling site in Tangerang is located in the area of the Science and Technology Research Center (PUSPIPTEK) which is a very wide area of 660 ha and has a very large park with trees. S19. The air quality degradation during these haze episodes not only affected human health (especially children and old people) but also the economy due to direct illness costs and lost productivity (Othman et al., 2018). The annual average PM2.5 in these cities were lower than the Indonesian standard except in Pekanbaru. Effortless Alcohol Tracking. var addy7237088beec818137b69b824dceeb70b = 'hayat' + '@'; https://doi.org/10.5094/APR.2011.025 The city is surrounded by hills and mountain ranges. The S/K ratios were 31, 27 and 9. Figs. During October 2015, the concentration of PM2.5 in Kuala Lumpur reached 72.3 38.0 g m3. The city is surrounded by hills and mountain ranges. The highest concentration of Si was 13.8 g m3, 130 times higher than average values in the normal condition (0.105 g m3). Similar results were reported by Sulong et al. Although Bali is famous for its tourism, the air quality in Denpasar still meets Indonesian standards for annual average of PM2.5. A calibration of the filter-paper method of estimation of smoke. Chem. (2017). The distribution of mass concentration of PM2.5 collected at urban and suburban areas in Indonesia have been reported previously. S16). Assessment of Urban Air Quality in Indonesia. Major elements in PM2.5 including Si, S, K, Fe, Zn, and Pb will be discussed. (2001) who conducted an analysis of haze particle (0.153m) from Kalimantan that had an S/K ratio of 918. Assessment has been made of urban air quality in 16 Indonesian cities. The time series plots for these locations are presented in Figs. Volcanic eruption-induced tsunami in Indonesia: A review. 215239. Forest fires mostly occur during the dry season (JuneSeptember). Our results, which are based on a crucial survey of PM concentrations and compositions in Indonesia, provide a scientific basis for developing and improving various air quality policies in the nation, including an early warning system for severe pollution events. High mass concentrations in Bandung and Yogyakarta resulted from the Kelud volcano eruption, as seen in Figs. Phys. Monitoring Program Management SCRAM 24/7 brings together all clients and testing methods into one, easy-to-use platform. The 2014 volcanic event significantly influenced air quality especially in Yogyakarta because volcanic ash was dispersed across an area of more than 500 km from the source (Lestiani et al., 2018). Brauer, M., Freedman, G., Frostad, J., Van Donkelaar, A., Martin, R.V., Dentener, F., van Dingenen, R., Estep, K., Amini, H., Apte, J.S., Balakrishnan, K., Barregard, L., Broday, D., Feigin, V., Ghosh, S., Hopke, P.K., Knibbs, L.D., Kokubo, Y., Liu, Y., Cohen, A. and Waller, R.E. Makassar is the largest metropolitan city in Eastern Indonesia, having an area of 175.77 km2 and a population of more than 1.5 million people, the fifth-largest city in Indonesia. NTSB: All vehicles should include a blood alcohol monitoring system There are many different types of solutions and devices that can do this.Although remote alcohol monitoring systems had already been established in the criminal justice field, Soberlink was the first company to focus on remote monitoring for Addiction Treatment and Family Law. and Hopke, P.K. and Balasubramanian, R. (2013). + 'go' + '.' From choosing baby's name to helping a teenager choose a college, you'll make . Since 2006, Indonesia has been conducting an urban air quality improvement (UAQi) project with the vision of Clean and Healthy Urban Air in Indonesia in 2020. The project developed various strategies for each issue related to urban air quality improvement on the national and local levels in several large cities (Bappenas, 2006). This monitoring network will continue to be developed. However, this program was not fully implemented due to the lack of financial resources and air quality expertise. 18: 457463. Fig. The aerosol masses of both PM2.5-10 and PM2.5 fractions were determined by weighing the filters before and after exposure, then divided by the sampled air volume to obtain the PM2.5 and PM2.5-10 concentrations (g m3). 303: 012036. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/303/1/012036 You have been redirected to Responsibility.org because you entered a date below the legal drinking age in the U.S. Join us in starting a lifetime of conversations around alcohol responsibility keep reading to learn more. The high concentrations of Zn in Surabaya, Semarang, and Jakarta are estimated to be the result of contributions from multiple industrial activities in these cities including the galvanizing process in the industrial area around the sampling location. The APAD and ASFID: Long-term fine and coarse ambient particulate matter and source fingerprint databases for the Asia-Pacific region. Aerosol and Air Quality Researchhas published over 2,000 peer-reviewed articles. Suite 375 East, Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment. PDF Secure Continuous Remote Alcohol Monitoring (SCRAM) Technology High PM2.5 concentrations occurred in July to November 2014 and might be related to a long dry season. Electronic Home Monitoring and 24/7 Alcohol Monitoring. Bloomberg Surveillance with Tom Keene, Jonathan Ferro & Lisa Abramowicz live from New York, bringing insight on global markets and the top business stories of the day. (2019). Fig. Eur. A systematic review on status of lead pollution and toxicity in Iran; Guidance for preventive measures. The APAD and ASFID: Long-term fine and coarse ambient particulate matter and source fingerprint databases for the Asia-Pacific region. Long-term fine particulate matter exposure and nonaccidental and cause-specific mortality in a large national cohort of Chinese men. 63: 10221025. We encourage set schedules which establish healthy routines for those in recovery. addy7237088beec818137b69b824dceeb70b = addy7237088beec818137b69b824dceeb70b + 'batan' + '.' NTSB recommends blood-alcohol monitoring systems in all new cars to The distributions of the PM2.5-to-PM10 ratio for the 17 sites show a wide range of values. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0010-2180(72)80139-1 Founded as Alcohol Monitoring Systems in 1997, now better known as SCRAM Systems, we are the world's leading provider of electronic monitoring and software solutions for the criminal . and Sahani, M. (2017). (2016); Petaling Jaya, Kuala Lumpur (26.85 g m3), by Rahman et al. Other studies have found that the device is effective while worn and most effective with repeat DUI offenders (those with two or more convictions). S1 and S7, respectively. The degradation of ambient air quality, especially in major cities, needs major improvements. 177: 2844. (2000). Thus, locally formed sulfate can condense on the surface of the existing particles. Lestiani, D.D., Apryani, R., Lestari, L., Santoso, M., Hadisantoso, E.P. Who Was to Blame? The BC concentrations were defined based on the amount of light that is absorbed by the filter sample and an assumed mass absorption coefficient (7 m2 g1, with an exposed area of 12.57 cm2) to convert reflectance measurement to mass that can then be divided by sample volume to give micrograms per cubic meter. Parenting is one of the most complex and challenging jobs you'll face in your lifetime -- but also the most rewarding. Investigation of sources of atmospheric aerosol at urban and suburban residential areas in Thailand by positive matrix factorization. 26: 814. However, this program was not fully implemented due to the lack of financial resources and air quality expertise. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10967-012-2348-z The box-and-whisker plot of Pb concentrations in PM2.5 at the 16 cities in Indonesia. Total Environ. A smartphone is not needed. Welcome to Responsibility.org! and Santoso, M. (2017). Mutaqin, B.W., Lavigne, F., Hadmoko, D.S. The all-in-one Cellular device sends tests directly from the device using a cellular connection limited to North America coverage. (1972). (2011) reported that BC originated from diesel vehicles and biomass burning mixed with road dust. Commins, B.T. Linking sobriety to technology to create the most comprehensive remote alcohol monitoring system. Conf. Res. The PM2.5 concentrations measured in Jakarta at an arterial roadside were higher than the PM2.5 at the urban site in Bandung. Air pollution has become an important global problem that requires serious attention because of its impact on human health and environmental quality (Brauer et al., 2016; Yin et al., 2017; Lelieveld et al., 2019). Fine particulate matter in the tropical environment: monsoonal effects, source apportionment, and health risk assessment. Amsterdam, netherland: Gordon and breach science publisher. Landsberger, S. (1999). S7). Although the air quality outside Java was generally good, some locations were vulnerable to forest fire problems that occur regularly and occasional volcanos. 10. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.atmosenv.2010.10.022 For Semarang, the annual average PM2.5 concentration over the 5 years of monitoring (20132017) failed to achieve the Indonesian standard as shown in Fig. Box-and-whisker plots of the PM2.5 distributions across Indonesia. As the second-largest city after Jakarta, Surabaya had a population of 2.87 million in 2017. Urban air quality in the Asian region. Alcohol Monitoring by Attenti Group Ohio AMS, Ohio Alcohol Monitoring Systems, House Arrest, GPS The only company with multiple internal sensors to detect tampering. The measurement of the elemental composition of the particulate matter is a key factor in utilization of the data for the determination of possible sources, whose identification and apportionment is an important step in air quality management. Santoso, M., Lestiani D.D., Kurniawati, S., Damastuti, E., Kusmartini, I., Atmodjo, D.P.D., Sari, D.K., Hopke, P.K., Mukhtar, R., Muhtarom, T., Tjahyadi, A., Parian, S., Kholik, N., Sutrisno, D.A., Wahyudi, D., Sitorus, T.D., Djamilus, J., Riadi, A., Supriyanto, J., Dahyar, N., Sondakh, S., Hogendorp, K., Wahyuni, N., Bejawan, I.G.